What is the court's power to check whether a government minister acted lawfully called?

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Judicial review is the court’s power to check whether a government minister acted lawfully. It looks at whether the minister stayed within the legal powers granted, followed the proper procedures, and gave due weight to relevant considerations while ignoring irrelevant ones. If a decision is found to be unlawful in these respects, the courts can set it aside or require the minister to reconsider. This provides a crucial check on executive action, ensuring decisions are made within the law and with fair process. It’s different from habeas corpus (which deals with detention), from royal prerogative powers (the sovereign-approved powers now exercised by ministers within limits), and from statutory interpretation (how judges interpret statutes).